A GUIDE TO THE BIRDS
OF WESTCHESTER COUNTY

(Revised 2008)

This guide documents 366 species of birds that have been identified in Westchester County, New York. It is a compilation of other checklists and rare bird reports. The names of the birds and their taxonomic arrangement in this guide follow that of the 7th Edition of the American Ornithologists' Union Check-list of North American Birds (1998).

Compiled and authored by
Michael Bochnik
86 Empire Street
Yonkers, New York 10704
Email: BochnikM@cs.com

Published and updated by
Hudson River Audubon Society of Westchester


The following tables indicate the relative abundance of each species
in each season and the seasonal designations.


C Common - seen regularly in proper habitat
U Uncommon - seen infrequently in proper habitat, but seen every year.
O Occasional - seen infrequently, not seen every year
R Rare - seen very infrequently.
x Very Rare - less than 5 records
E Extinct  
* Breeding - recorded at least once
SP Spring March - May
S Summer June - mid August
F Fall mid Aug.-November
W Winter December-February

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GEESE, SWANS, AND DUCKS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Greater White-fronted Goose R   R R
Snow Goose U x U O
Cackling Goose R     R
Canada Goose * C C C C
Brant U R U O
Mute Swan * C C C C
Tundra Swan R   R R
Wood Duck * C C C U
Gadwall U R U U
Eurasian Wigeon R   R R
American Wigeon C R C C
American Black Duck * C C C C
Mallard * C C C C
Blue-winged Teal C U C R
Northern Shoveler U R U O
Northern Pintail U x U O
Green-winged Teal C O C O
Eurasian Green-winged Teal       x
Canvasback C R U C
Redhead O   U O
Ring-necked Duck U x O U
Tufted Duck x1     x1
Greater Scaup C R C C
Lesser Scaup C R C U
King Eider x2   x2  
Common Eider x3   x3 x3
Harlequin Duck x4     x4
Surf Scoter O   O O
White-winged Scoter U R U O
Black Scoter O   O O
Long-tailed Duck C R U C
Bufflehead C R C C
Common Goldeneye C R U C
Barrow's Goldeneye x5     x5
Hooded Merganser C   C C
Common Merganser C R C C
Red-breasted Merganser C R C C
Ruddy Duck C R C C

PARTRIDGES, GROUSE AND TURKEYS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Ring-necked Pheasant * U U U U
Ruffed Grouse * U U U U
Wild Turkey * C C C C

NEW WORLD QUAILS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Northern Bobwhite * R R R R

LOONS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Red-throated Loon O x C U
Pacific Loon       x6
Common Loon U R C U

GREBES

SPECIES Sp S F W
Pied-billed Grebe U R C U
Horned Grebe U R U C
Red-necked Grebe O R R O
Eared Grebe x7   x7 x7

ALBATROSSES

SPECIES Sp S F W
Yellow-nosed Albatross   x8  

SHEARWATERS AND PETRELS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Northern Fulmar     x9  
Sooty Shearwater     x10  
Manx x11 x11    
Wilson's Storm Petrel     x12  
Leach's Storm Petrel   x13    

BOOBIES AND GANNETS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Northern Gannet O x O R

PELICANS

SPECIES Sp S F W
American White Pelican     x14  
Brown Pelican   x15    

CORMORANTS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Double-crested Cormorant * C C C O
Great Cormorant C R C C

BITTERNS, HERONS AND ALLIES

SPECIES Sp S F W
American Bittern U R U R
Least Bittern * O O R  
Great Blue Heron * C U C C
Great Egret * C C C R
Snowy Egret * C C C x
Little Blue Heron O U O  
Tricolored Heron R R R  
Cattle Egret R R R  
Green Heron * C C C  
Black-crowned Night-Heron * C C C U
Yellow-crowned Night-Heron * O O O  

IBISES AND SPOONBILLS

SPECIES Sp S F W
White Ibis   x16 x16  
Glossy Ibis * U U O  

VULTURES

SPECIES Sp S F W
Black Vulture O O O O
Turkey Vulture * C C C U


KITES, EAGLES, HAWKS, AND ALLIES

SPECIES Sp S F W
Osprey * U U C x
Swallow-tailed Kite x17 x17 x17  
Mississippi Kite x18 x18 x18  
Bald Eagle * O R U C
Northern Harrier C O C O
Sharp-shinned Hawk C O C U
Cooper's Hawk * U O C U
Northern Goshawk * O R O O
Red-shouldered Hawk * U R U O
Broad-winged Hawk * C O C x
Swainson's Hawk     x19  
Red-tailed Hawk * C C C C
Rough-legged Hawk R   O R
Golden Eagle R   O R

CARACARAS AND FALCONS

SPECIES Sp S F W
American Kestrel * C U C O
Merlin O R U R
Gyrfalcon       x20
Peregrine Falcon * O O U O

RAILS, GALLINULES, AND COOTS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Yellow Rail     x21  
Black Rail x22 x22    
Clapper Rail * C C C U
King Rail * R R R  
Virginia Rail * C U C U
Sora U R U R
Purple Gallinule x23 x23   x23
Common Moorhen O x O x
American Coot U   C C

CRANES

SPECIES Sp S F W
Sandhill Crane   x24    

PLOVERS AND LAPWINGS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Black-bellied Plover C C C R
American Golden-Plover   R O  
Semipalmated Plover C C U x
Piping Plover   x25    
Killdeer * C U C U

OYSTERCATCHERS

SPECIES Sp S F W
American Oystercatcher * R O R x

STILTS AND AVOCETS

SPECIES Sp S F W
American Avocet   x26 x26  

SANDPIPERS, PHALAROPES, AND ALLIES

SPECIES Sp S F W
Greater Yellowlegs C C C O
Lesser Yellowlegs U C C x
Wood Sandpiper     x27  
Solitary Sandpiper U O C  
Willet R O R  
Spotted Sandpiper * C C C x
Upland Sandpiper R R R  
Whimbrel R R R  
Hudsonian Godwit     R R
Marbled Godwit   R R  
Ruddy Turnstone U U U O
Red Knot R O O  
Sanderling   O U O
Semipalmated Sandpiper C C C  
Western Sandpiper   R O  
Least Sandpiper C C C  
White-rumped Sandpiper R R R  
Baird's Sandpiper   R R  
Pectoral Sandpiper U U U  
Purple Sandpiper C   U C
Dunlin C R C C
Stilt Sandpiper R R R  
Buff-breasted Sandpiper   x29 x29  
Ruff   x30    
Short-billed Dowitcher U U O  
Long-billed Dowitcher   R R x
Wilson's  Snipe U R U O
American Woodcock * C U U O
Wilson's Phalarope R R R  
Red-necked Phalarope x30 x30 x30  
Red Phalarope     x31  

SKUAS, GULLS, TERNS, AND SKIMMERS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Pomarine Jaeger     x32  
Parasitic Jaeger     x33  
Laughing Gull C C C R
Franklin's Gull     x34  
Little Gull x35      
Black-headed Gull x36      
Bonaparte's Gull U R U U
Ring-billed Gull C C C C
Herring Gull * C C C C
Iceland Gull R   R R
Lesser Black-backed Gull R R R R
Glaucous Gull R   R R
Great Black-backed Gull * C C C C
Sabine's Gull     x37  
Gull-billed Tern   x38    
Caspian Tern R R R  
Royal Tern   x39    
Roseate Tern x40   x40  
Common Tern * C C U  
Forster's Tern R R O R
Least Tern U U O  
Sooty Tern     x41  
Black Tern R R R  
Black Skimmer R O R  

AUKS, MURRES, AND PUFFINS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Dovekie     x42 x42
Thick-billed Murre       x43
Razorbill       x44
Black Guillemot       x45

PIGEONS AND DOVES

SPECIES Sp S F W
Rock Pigeon * C C C C
Mourning Dove * C C C C
Passenger Pigeon E46 E46 E46 E46

PARROTS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Monk Parakeet R R R R

CUCKOOS, ROADRUNNERS, AND ANIS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Black-billed Cuckoo * U U O  
Yellow-billed Cuckoo * U U O  

BARN OWLS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Barn Owl * R R R R

TYPICAL OWLS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Eastern Screech-Owl * C C C C
Great Horned Owl * C C C C
Snowy Owl     R R
Barred Owl * U U U U
Long-eared Owl * O   O U
Short-eared Owl O x U O
Northern Saw-whet Owl * O x U U

GOATSUCKERS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Common Nighthawk * U C C  
Chuck-will's Widow x47 x47    
Whip-poor-will O O O  

SWIFTS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Chimney Swift * C C C  

HUMMINGBIRDS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Ruby-throated Hummingbird * U U U x
Calliope Hummingbird     x48  
Rufous Hummingbird     x49 x49

KINGFISHERS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Belted Kingfisher * C C C C

WOODPECKERS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Lewis' Woodpecker     x50  
Red-headed Woodpecker R R O R
Red-bellied Woodpecker * C C C C
Yellow-bellied Sapsucker U   U U
Downy Woodpecker * C C C C
Hairy Woodpecker * C C C C
American Three-toed Woodpecker     x51 x51
Black-backed Woodpecker     x52 x52
Northern Flicker * C C C U
Pileated Woodpecker * U U U U

TYRANT FLYCATCHERS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Olive-sided Flycatcher O O O  
Eastern Wood-Pewee * C C C  
Yellow-bellied Flycatcher U R U  
Acadian Flycatcher * R O  
Alder Flycatcher * O O  
Willow Flycatcher * U C U  
Least Flycatcher * C U C  
Hammond's Flycatcher     x53  
Eastern Phoebe * C C C R
Say's Phoebe     x54  
Ash-throated Flycatcher     x55  
Great Crested Flycatcher * C C U  
Western Kingbird     x56 x56
Eastern Kingbird * C C C  
Scissor-tailed Flycatcher x57 x57

SHRIKES

SPECIES Sp S F W
Loggerhead Shrike * R   R R
Northern Shrike R   R R

VIREOS

SPECIES Sp S F W
White-eyed Vireo * C C U  
Yellow-throated Vireo * C C U  
Blue-headed Vireo * C U C  
Warbling Vireo * C C C  
Philadelphia Vireo R   U  
Red-eyed Vireo * C C C  

JAYS, MAGPIES, AND CROWS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Gray Jay     x58 x58
Blue Jay * C C C C
Black-billed Magpie     x59 x59
American Crow * C C C C
Fish Crow * C C C O
Common Raven * O O O O

LARKS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Horned Lark O x U O

SWALLOWS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Purple Martin * U U U  
Tree Swallow * C C C  
N. Rough-winged Swallow * C C U  
Bank Swallow * U U U  
Cliff Swallow * U U U  
Cave Swallow        x60
Barn Swallow * C C C  

CHICKADEES AND TITMICE

SPECIES Sp S F W
Black-capped Chickadee * C C C C
Boreal Chickadee x61   x61 x61
Tufted Titmouse * C C C C

NUTHATCHES

SPECIES Sp S F W
Red-breasted Nuthatch * U O C U
White-breasted Nuthatch * C C C C

CREEPERS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Brown Creeper * C U C U

WRENS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Carolina Wren * C C C C
Bewick's Wren x62  
House Wren * C C C R
Winter Wren * U O C U
Sedge Wren x63 x63 x63 x63
Marsh Wren * U U O R

KINGLETS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Golden-crowned Kinglet * C O C U
Ruby-crowned Kinglet C   C O

GNATCATCHERS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Blue-gray Gnatcatcher * C U U x

THRUSHES

SPECIES Sp S F W
Northern Wheatear x64   x64  
Eastern Bluebird * C C C U
Mountain Bluebird x65     x65
Veery * C C C x
Gray-cheeked Thrush U R U  
Bicknell's Thrush U   R  
Swainson's Thrush C R C x
Hermit Thrush * C U C U
Wood Thrush * C C C  
Fieldfare       x66
American Robin * C C C U
Varied Thrush     x67 x67

MOCKINGBIRDS, THRASHERS, AND ALLIES

SPECIES Sp S F W
Gray Catbird * C C C O
Northern Mockingbird * C C C C
Brown Thrasher * C C C O

STARLINGS AND ALLIES

SPECIES Sp S F W
European Starling * C C C C

PIPITS

SPECIES Sp S F W
American Pipit U   C R

WAXWINGS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Bohemian Waxwing x68   x68 x68
Cedar Waxwing * C C C U

WOOD WARBLERS

SPECIES Sp S F W
Blue-winged Warbler * C C C  
Golden-winged Warbler* O O O  
Tennessee Warbler C R C x
Orange-crowned Warbler R   R R
Nashville Warbler U